Oxytocin*

• Oxytocin

• Syntocinon; Pitocin

Classification:

• Hormone; uterine stimulant; oxytocic; uterotonic

Mechanism of Action:

• Selectively stimulates the smooth musculature of the uterus, resulting in increased uterine muscle tone and increased frequency and strength of contractions

Indications:

• Post-partum hemorrhage
• Normal postpartum, after delivery of placenta

Contraindications:

• Do not administer to patients that have had uterine or cervical surgery

Precautions:

• May cause placental retention if given before delivery of the placenta

Adverse Effects:

• In mother
  • Hypotension, dysrhythmias, tachycardia, seizures, coma, N/V, may have ADH effects at higher doses – water retention and vasoconstriction
• In the fetus
  • Hypoxia, asphyxia, arrhythmias, intracranial bleeding

Dose:

• 20 - 30 Units IV infusion in 1000 ml NS @ 250 ml/hr (titrated to uterine response and severity of bleeding)
• 10 Units IM is an optional dosage regime

• IV, IM

• Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties (CPS)
• Pharmacology for the Prehospital Provider 2nd Edition